What are the causes of arrhythmia during physical examination

Arrhythmia may be caused by genetic factors, emotional fluctuations, electrolyte imbalances, myocardial ischemia, hyperthyroidism, and other reasons. Arrhythmia usually manifests as symptoms such as palpitations, chest tightness, dizziness, etc. It can be diagnosed through electrocardiogram examination, dynamic electrocardiogram monitoring, blood tests, and other methods.

1. Genetic factors

Some arrhythmias are related to genetic factors, such as long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, etc. These patients may experience abnormal heartbeat from a young age, accompanied by fainting or a family history of sudden death. Treatment requires the selection of beta blockers such as metoprolol tartrate tablets, antiarrhythmic drugs such as amiodarone hydrochloride tablets, and in severe cases, implantation of a pacemaker. It is recommended that individuals with a family history undergo regular heart screening.

2. Emotional fluctuations

Anxiety, tension, and other emotional stimuli can activate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to sinus tachycardia or premature beats. This type of arrhythmia is mostly temporary and can be relieved on its own after calming down. Daily adjustment can be achieved through deep breathing training and mindfulness meditation. If symptoms are obvious, short-term use of Wenxin granules or Guweisu tablets can be used to assist in improvement, but long-term dependence on medication should be avoided.

3. Electrolyte imbalance

Hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia can interfere with myocardial electrical activity, causing premature ventricular contractions and even ventricular fibrillation. Commonly seen in people with diarrhea, diuretic use, or dietary imbalances.

Treatment requires intravenous supplementation of potassium chloride injection or potassium magnesium aspartate tablets, while correcting the primary cause. It is necessary to maintain a moderate intake of potassium rich foods such as bananas and spinach in daily life.

4. Myocardial ischemia

When coronary artery stenosis leads to insufficient myocardial blood supply, it may induce atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmia. Patients often have chest pain and shortness of breath after physical activity, and need to be diagnosed through coronary CT or angiography. The treatment includes taking isosorbide dinitrate tablets to dilate blood vessels, using diltiazem hydrochloride tablets to control heart rate, and performing stent surgery if necessary to improve blood flow.

5. Hyperthyroidism

Excess thyroid hormones can accelerate heart rate, causing atrial fibrillation or sinus tachycardia. The patient often experiences hand tremors, weight loss, and excessive sweating, and requires thyroid function testing. The first choice for treatment is to use methimazole tablets to inhibit hormone secretion, combined with propranolol hydrochloride tablets to relieve palpitations. After hyperthyroidism is controlled, the heart rhythm can often return to normal.

If arrhythmia is found, one should avoid stimulating drinks such as strong tea and coffee, quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption, and maintain a regular daily routine. Mild premature beats may not require intervention if there are no symptoms, but if persistent palpitations, blackouts, or fainting occur, immediate medical attention is required. It is suggested that ECG should be checked every year. Patients with hypertension and diabetes should strengthen heart rate monitoring, and cardiac tolerance should be evaluated before exercise.