What are the causes and hazards of rapid heart rate

Excessive heart rate may be caused by physiological factors, drug effects, cardiovascular disease, endocrine disorders, anemia, and other reasons. Long term lack of intervention may lead to hazards such as myocardial ischemia and heart failure.

1. Physiological factors:

Intense exercise, emotional excitement, or consumption of caffeinated beverages can stimulate sympathetic nervous system excitation, leading to sinus tachycardia, with a heart rate typically reaching 100-140 beats per minute. This type of situation belongs to the normal stress response of the body, which can usually be relieved on its own after rest and generally does not cause organ damage.

2. Drug action:

Certain bronchodilators, thyroid hormones, or antidepressants may interfere with the cardiac electrical conduction system. For example, salbutamol can activate beta receptors, causing an increase in sinus node autonomy, manifested as symptoms such as palpitations and chest tightness after medication. After discontinuation, heart rate can often return to normal.

3. Cardiovascular diseases:

Arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation and supraventricular tachycardia can directly lead to abnormally increased heart rate, usually accompanied by palpitations and dizziness symptoms. This type of pathological condition may lead to a decrease in cardiac ejection fraction, increasing the risk of thrombosis, and requires a clear diagnosis through electrocardiogram examination.

4. Endocrine disorders:

Excessive secretion of thyroid hormones during hyperthyroidism can enhance the sensitivity of myocardial cells to catecholamines. In addition to increased heart rate, patients may also exhibit metabolic hyperactivity such as excessive sweating and weight loss, which require thyroid function testing for diagnosis. 5. Anemia and hypoxia: Severe anemia with hemoglobin levels below 60g/L can lead to insufficient tissue oxygen supply, and the body compensates by increasing heart rate to maintain oxygen delivery. Long term anemic tachycardia may cause heart enlargement. It is recommended to complete blood routine examination and correct the cause of anemia.

Daily attention should be paid to monitoring resting heart rate, the normal value for ordinary adults is 60-100 beats per minute. It is recommended to avoid excessive intake of stimulating drinks such as strong tea and alcohol, and to engage in regular aerobic exercise such as brisk walking and swimming to enhance heart function. If unexplained heart rate>100 beats per minute accompanied by chest pain and fainting persists, immediate screening for emergencies such as myocarditis and pulmonary embolism is necessary. Middle aged and elderly individuals can undergo regular dynamic electrocardiogram monitoring to detect potential risks of arrhythmia early on.