Top 10 Common Psychological Disorders

The top ten common psychological disorders are depression, anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, body form disorder, eating disorder, and schizophrenia. Depression is a psychological disorder characterized by significant and persistent low mood, with core symptoms including low mood, decreased interest, and lack of energy. Patients may have low self-evaluation, a sense of worthlessness, changes in appetite and sleep, and in severe cases, suicidal thoughts or behavior may occur. The etiology of depression is complex and may be related to genetic factors, neurotransmitter imbalances, long-term stress, or stressful life events. The treatment usually involves psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, combined with medication, such as fluoxetine hydrochloride capsules, sertraline hydrochloride tablets, escitalopram oxalate tablets, and other antidepressants, which need to be used under the guidance of a doctor.

II. Anxiety Disorder

Anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry and fear, often accompanied by physical symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, and muscle tension. Generalized anxiety disorder is a common type, in which patients continue to feel anxious about daily affairs. Panic disorder is characterized by recurrent and sudden episodes of intense fear. The methods for treating anxiety disorders include psychotherapy, such as relaxation training and exposure therapy, as well as medication, such as paroxetine hydrochloride tablets, lorazepam tablets, alprazolam tablets, etc., which must be strictly used according to medical advice.

III. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

The characteristics of obsessive-compulsive disorder are the repeated occurrence of intrusive thinking and compulsive behaviors implemented to alleviate anxiety. Common compulsive thoughts include fear of pollution or excessive demands for symmetrical order, and corresponding compulsive behaviors may manifest as repeated cleansing or checking. These behaviors will significantly consume time and disrupt normal life. The first-line method for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder is exposure and response blockade therapy in psychotherapy, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as fluoxetine hydrochloride capsules and sertraline hydrochloride tablets are often used in drug therapy.

4. Bipolar affective disorder

Bipolar affective disorder, formerly known as bipolar disorder, is characterized by periodic fluctuations in emotions between depressive episodes and manic or hypomanic episodes. The depressive period is characterized by low mood and decreased vitality, while the manic period is characterized by high mood, vigorous energy, increased activity, and speech urgency, which may be accompanied by impulsive behavior. This disease has a significant impact on the social functioning and interpersonal relationships of patients. The treatment goal is to stabilize emotions, commonly using mood stabilizers such as lithium carbonate tablets, sodium valproate sustained-release tablets, and sometimes in combination with atypical antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine tablets.

V. Post traumatic stress disorder

Post traumatic stress disorder refers to a series of psychological reactions that occur after experiencing or witnessing a serious traumatic event. Typical symptoms include the re experience of traumatic experiences, such as flashbacks or nightmares; Persistent avoidance of trauma related stimuli; Negative changes in cognition and emotions; And increased alertness, such as being easily frightened and irritable. The focus of treatment is on trauma management, commonly using trauma focused cognitive-behavioral therapy or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy. Drug therapy may use medications such as sertraline hydrochloride tablets and paroxetine hydrochloride tablets.

Sixth, Social Phobia

Social anxiety disorder, also known as social anxiety disorder, is characterized by significant and persistent fear of one or more social situations, fearing that one's behavior will trigger awkward or negative evaluations. Patients may feel extremely nervous in social situations and may experience symptoms such as blushing, hand tremors, and rapid heartbeat, leading them to actively avoid social activities. The treatment usually adopts cognitive-behavioral therapy to help patients challenge unreasonable fear beliefs and conduct social skills training. Medication treatments such as paroxetine hydrochloride tablets and sertraline hydrochloride tablets may also be used under the guidance of a doctor.

7. Panic disorder

Panic disorder is characterized by recurrent and unpredictable episodes of fear. During an attack, patients may suddenly feel strong fear or discomfort, accompanied by physical symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, tremors, suffocation, and a sense of impending death. Due to the unpredictability of seizures, patients often worry about recurrence and may develop place phobia, avoiding certain places that may be difficult to escape or obtain help from. Treatment includes psychological education, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and medication such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or benzodiazepines.

8. Somatic form disorder

Somatic form disorder is a type of psychological disorder characterized by persistent physical symptoms. Patients repeatedly seek medical attention due to these symptoms, but medical examinations cannot detect organic lesions that can explain their symptoms. Patients often overly focus on their own health status and feel anxious about mild physical sensations. Common types include somatization disorders and hypochondria. The focus of treatment is to help patients understand the connection between psychological factors and physical symptoms, establish a stable doctor-patient relationship, provide supportive psychological therapy, and if necessary, use low-dose antidepressant or anti anxiety drugs in combination.

Nine, Eating Disorders

Eating disorders are mainly characterized by extreme attitudes and behaviors towards food, weight, and body shape, which seriously damage physical health. Patients with anorexia nervosa are extremely afraid of weight gain and strictly limit their food intake, resulting in significantly low body weight. Neurogenic bulimia is characterized by recurrent binge eating behaviors and subsequent compensatory actions taken to prevent weight gain, such as self induced vomiting and overuse of laxatives. The treatment requires multidisciplinary teamwork, including nutritional support, individual psychotherapy, family therapy, and drug therapy such as fluoxetine hydrochloride capsules may be used as an adjuvant therapy for bulimia.

10. Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder, and its symptoms can be divided into positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive symptoms. Positive symptoms include hallucinations, such as auditory hallucinations; Delusions, such as delusions of persecution; And mental and speech disorders. Negative symptoms include emotional apathy, poor speech, and decreased willpower. Cognitive symptoms involve impaired attention, memory, and executive function. The etiology of this disease is complex and related to genetic, neurodevelopmental, and environmental factors. The treatment mainly focuses on antipsychotic drugs, such as olanzapine tablets, risperidone tablets, and aripiprazole oral disintegrating tablets, and requires psychological and social rehabilitation training. The rehabilitation of psychological disorders is a long-term process, and in addition to professional treatment, regular lifestyle, balanced diet, moderate physical exercise, and social support from family and friends are all crucial. Establishing healthy stress coping strategies, such as mindfulness meditation and cultivating hobbies, can help maintain psychological stability. If you notice persistent emotional, behavioral, or cognitive abnormalities in yourself or your loved ones, you should encourage them to seek professional evaluation and assistance from a psychiatrist or psychologist as soon as possible to avoid delaying intervention opportunities due to misunderstandings or feelings of shame. Early identification and standardized treatment can significantly improve prognosis and help patients return to normal life.