Psychological treatment methods for depression

Depression can usually be intervened through cognitive-behavioral therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, mindfulness therapy, psychodynamic therapy, and supportive psychotherapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy alleviates depressive symptoms by identifying and altering negative thinking patterns. This therapy is conducted in a structured manner, typically once a week for 12-20 sessions. Therapists will help patients establish a mind log and learn to conduct reality checks on automated negative thoughts. This therapy has a significant effect on mild to moderate depression and can effectively prevent recurrence. Common techniques include behavioral activation and cognitive reconstruction. Interpersonal psychotherapy focuses on improving the impact of interpersonal relationships on emotions. This therapy mainly deals with four areas: sadness response, role transition, interpersonal conflict, and social isolation. The treatment cycle is usually 12-16 weeks, and social skills are improved through role-playing and other methods. This therapy is particularly suitable for depression caused by interpersonal stress and can significantly improve the quality of intimate relationships. Part of the technology is borrowed from family therapy theory.

Mindfulness therapy focuses on cultivating awareness of current experiences. Helping patients break free from rumination through meditation, body scanning, and other exercises. The standardized course lasts for 8 weeks and includes 45 minutes of daily meditation practice. This therapy can reduce the recurrence rate of depression and improve emotional regulation ability. Neuroimaging research has found that it can alter the default mode network activity of the brain. There is evidence to suggest that its combination with antidepressants is more effective. Psychodynamic therapy addresses the root causes of depression by exploring subconscious conflicts. The treatment process focuses on analyzing defense mechanisms and early attachment relationships, and the course of treatment usually lasts for several months to years. This therapy is suitable for chronic depression related to childhood trauma and can promote changes in personality structure. Modern short-range power therapy has developed more focused technologies. Some schools of thought focus on the phenomena of empathy and countertransference.

Supportive psychotherapy provides emotional support and practical guidance to patients. Therapists use techniques such as empathy, normalization, and resource activation to enhance patients' coping abilities. This non directive therapy is suitable for the acute phase of severe depression and can be used in conjunction with other therapies. Research has found that it can improve treatment compliance and social functioning. Stress relief and problem-solving techniques are commonly used in crisis intervention. During a depressive episode, it is important to maintain a regular sleep routine and ensure 7-8 hours of sleep per day to avoid disruption of the circadian rhythm. Maintain moderate exercise such as brisk walking, yoga, and other aerobic activities at least 3 times a week. Pay attention to balanced nutrition in diet, and supplement foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids and B vitamins. Avoid using alcohol and other substances for self treatment, and establish a stable social support system. When symptoms worsen, seek professional help promptly.