Psychological therapy for patients with depression

Patients with depression can improve their symptoms through psychotherapy, commonly using methods such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, supportive psychotherapy, psychodynamic therapy, and mindfulness based cognitive therapy. Depression may be related to genetic factors, neurotransmitter imbalances, social and psychological stress, traumatic experiences, chronic diseases, and other factors. It usually manifests as symptoms such as low mood, decreased interest, sleep disorders, changes in appetite, and suicidal tendencies.

1. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy alleviates symptoms of depression by correcting negative thinking patterns and behavioral habits. This method focuses on identifying automated negative thinking and helping patients establish a more objective cognitive framework. During the treatment process, behavioral activation techniques will be used to gradually increase participation in pleasurable activities. Suitable for patients with depression accompanied by obvious cognitive distortions, and should be repeated with homework.

2. Interpersonal psychotherapy

Interpersonal psychotherapy targets depression symptoms caused by interpersonal relationship problems, focusing on four types of issues: role transition, social isolation, grief response, and interpersonal conflict. The treatment cycle typically lasts 12-16 weeks to alleviate depression by improving communication skills and social functioning. It has a significant effect on postpartum depression and bereavement related depression, and it is recommended that family members participate in the treatment process together.

3. Supportive psychotherapy

Supportive psychotherapy helps patients cope with depression by providing emotional support and disease education. Therapists will use empathy techniques to establish trust relationships, assist patients in identifying and expressing emotions, and strengthen existing coping resources. Suitable for mild depression or as an adjunct to medication treatment, attention should be paid to avoiding the formation of overly dependent treatment relationships.

4. Psychodynamic therapy

Psychodynamic therapy improves depressive symptoms by exploring subconscious conflicts and early experiences. Pay attention to defense mechanisms, empathetic responses, and the impact of childhood trauma on current emotions, with a longer treatment cycle. The effect is better for patients with depression accompanied by personality defects or long-term interpersonal difficulties, and regular assessment of symptom changes is necessary.

5. Mindfulness based Cognitive Therapy

Mindfulness based cognitive therapy combines meditation training and cognitive restructuring techniques to prevent the recurrence of depression. By cultivating non judgmental awareness, help patients break free from the cycle of rumination. It is necessary to practice mindfulness for 45 minutes every day, and the effect is better when combined with group therapy. For patients with recurrent depression, it is recommended to use this method as a long-term maintenance treatment.

During the psychological treatment of depression, it is necessary to maintain a regular sleep schedule, engage in 30 minutes of aerobic exercise such as brisk walking, swimming, etc. every day, and pay attention to supplementing deep-sea fish and nuts rich in omega-3 fatty acids in diet. Family members should assist in recording emotional changes, avoid criticism and blame, and encourage participation in social activities. If suicidal thoughts or symptoms continue to worsen, it is necessary to immediately contact the attending physician to adjust the treatment plan. All psychological interventions must be implemented by professionally trained therapists, and it is not recommended to attempt technically intensive treatment methods on one's own.