Is an average hemoglobin of 26.5 normal

The average hemoglobin level of 26.5g/dL is abnormally elevated and may be caused by long-term hypoxia, polycythemia vera, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congenital heart disease, altitude sickness, and other factors.

1. Long term hypoxia:

When the body is in a low oxygen environment or suffers from respiratory diseases for a long time, the body compensates by increasing hemoglobin synthesis to enhance oxygen carrying capacity. Commonly seen in patients with chronic bronchitis and sleep apnea syndrome, it may be accompanied by symptoms such as cyanosis of the lips and shortness of breath after physical activity. Suggest identifying the cause through lung function tests and monitoring of blood oxygen saturation.

2. Polycythemia vera:

Myelodysplastic disease causes abnormal proliferation of red blood cells, with hemoglobin levels often exceeding 18g/dL in males or 16g/dL in females. Typical symptoms include headache, dizziness, and skin flushing, which need to be diagnosed through JAK2 gene testing and bone marrow puncture. Treatment requires the use of bloodletting therapy or medication such as hydroxyurea to control the number of red blood cells.

3. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:

COPD patients experience compensatory hemoglobin elevation due to impaired alveolar ventilation. Often accompanied by chronic cough, sputum production, and difficulty breathing, lung CT and blood gas analysis can assist in diagnosis. Standardized use of bronchodilators and continuous low flow oxygen therapy are required.

4. Congenital heart disease:

Cyantic congenital heart disease with right to left shunt, such as Tetralogy of Fallot, can cause a decrease in arterial oxygen saturation and stimulate the secretion of erythropoietin. Children often have features such as clubbed fingers and delayed development, and cardiac ultrasound can clearly identify anatomical abnormalities.

5. High altitude sickness: Residents in areas with an altitude exceeding 3000 meters may experience physiological hemoglobin elevation, usually not exceeding 22g/dL. Most people experience high-altitude adaptation symptoms such as dizziness and fatigue, and their values gradually recover after returning to low altitude areas. When hemoglobin is significantly elevated, complete blood count and serum erythropoietin testing should be performed. Smoking should be avoided and moderate drinking water should be maintained in daily life. People at high risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should monitor their blood pressure and viscosity. Hemoglobin levels exceeding 20g/dL may increase the risk of thrombosis. It is recommended to have a blood routine check every 3 months and evaluate the need for intervention treatment. Residents in high-altitude areas can supplement iron and vitamin B12 to prevent secondary red blood cell count.