Illusion · Hallucination

Illusion refers to a false perceptual experience that occurs without external stimuli, which may involve various sensory forms such as vision, hearing, touch, etc. Illusions are mainly caused by mental illness, neurological disorders, drug effects, sensory deprivation, sleep disorders, and other factors. If recurrent or persistent hallucinations occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention as soon as possible to investigate the cause.

1. Mental illness

Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other mental illnesses are common causes of hallucinations. Patients may experience hearing non-existent sounds or seeing illusory scenes, which are often accompanied by symptoms such as delusions and mental disorders. Psychiatrists will provide targeted treatment through psychological assessment and medication intervention, with commonly used medications including antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine and risperidone. Early intervention can help improve prognosis.

2. Neurological disorders

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease may lead to abnormal brain perception function. This type of hallucination often manifests as seeing non-existent people or animals, which is related to damage to specific areas of the brain. Neurologists will confirm the diagnosis through brain imaging examinations, and treatment should be combined with primary disease management. Some patients may need to take medications such as cholinesterase inhibitors.

3. Drug Effects

Certain sedatives, antidepressants, or illegal drugs may disrupt neurotransmitter balance and induce transient hallucinations. Drug induced hallucinations usually disappear after discontinuation of medication, but overuse of addictive drugs may lead to persistent sensory impairment. In the event of such a situation, medication should be immediately stopped and if necessary, medication withdrawal treatment should be sought.

4. Sensory deprivation

When exposed to a lack of sensory stimuli such as darkness and silence for a long time, the brain may spontaneously produce compensatory hallucinations. This kind of illusion is more common among special groups such as explorers and prisoners, and usually subsides with the improvement of the environment. Maintaining a regular schedule and moderate sensory stimulation can help prevent such situations.

5. Sleep disorders

Sleep paralysis, rapid eye movement behavior disorders, and other sleep problems may trigger hallucinations before bedtime or awakening. These types of hallucinations are often accompanied by numbness in the limbs and are related to disrupted sleep wake cycles. Improving sleep hygiene habits and treating primary sleep disorders can effectively alleviate symptoms. In severe cases, drugs such as melatonin receptor agonists may be considered.

It is important to maintain a regular daily routine and avoid excessive fatigue and stress stimulation. Eating foods rich in vitamin B, such as whole grains and green leafy vegetables, can help promote neurological health. If hallucinations are accompanied by a tendency towards self harm or severe impairment of social function, professional medical assistance should be sought immediately. Family members should provide patients with full understanding and support, and cooperate with doctors for systematic treatment and rehabilitation training.