How to remove melasma on the face

Melasma can be improved through sun protection care, topical medication, oral medication, chemical exfoliation, laser treatment, and other methods. Melasma may be related to UV radiation, endocrine disorders, genetic factors, skin barrier damage, drug stimulation, and other reasons.

1. Sunscreen Care

Ultraviolet radiation is the main factor that induces and exacerbates melasma, and strict sun protection is necessary in daily life. Choose broad-spectrum sunscreen with a recommended sun protection factor of over 30, and pair it with a sun hat or umbrella when going out. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight during the period of intense ultraviolet radiation from 10am to 4pm. It is still necessary to adhere to sun protection on cloudy days or in winter, as ultraviolet rays can penetrate clouds and cause cumulative damage to the skin.

2. External drug

hydroquinone cream can inhibit tyrosinase activity and reduce melanin synthesis, tranexamic acid essence can block melanin transmission pathway, and retinoic acid cream can accelerate the metabolism of epidermal melanin. Medications should be used under the guidance of a doctor to avoid self mixing and causing irritation. Some patients may experience reactions such as skin redness and flaking, and their medication regimen needs to be adjusted in a timely manner.

3. Oral medications

Vitamin C tablets and vitamin E soft capsules have antioxidant effects and can reduce melanin production. Tranexamic acid tablets can inhibit plasminogen activation and improve pigmentation caused by vascular permeability. Oral medication should be accompanied by liver function monitoring, and tranexamic acid drugs are contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women.

4. Chemical exfoliation

Glycolic acid peels the skin by dissolving the stratum corneum with 20% -70% concentration of glycolic acid, promoting the shedding of keratinocytes containing melanin. Salicylic acid skin rejuvenation is suitable for sensitive skin and has anti-inflammatory and oil secretion regulating effects. The treatment needs to be performed by professional physicians, and temporary redness and tightness may occur after surgery, requiring enhanced moisturizing repair.

5. Laser therapy

Q-switched laser selectively destroys melanin particles, and picosecond laser shatters pigment clusters through optomechanical effects. Treatment should be performed at 3-5 intervals, and temporary pigmentation may occur after surgery. Strict sun protection and the use of repair products are necessary. People with dark skin have a higher risk of treatment and require low-energy multiple treatment mode. During the treatment of melasma, it is necessary to maintain a regular daily routine and avoid staying up late, which can lead to endocrine disorders. Eat more citrus fruits and dark vegetables rich in vitamin C, and limit the intake of spicy and stimulating foods. Cooperate with gentle cleaning and moisturizing repair skincare products to avoid excessive friction and irritation of the affected area. The treatment cycle usually takes 3-6 months, and regular follow-up visits are needed to evaluate the efficacy and adjust the plan.