How to reduce high uric acid in a 16-year-old boy

Uric acid levels in 16-year-old boys can be reduced by adjusting their diet, increasing water intake, controlling weight, moderate exercise, and medication intervention. Elevated uric acid is usually associated with factors such as high purine diet, metabolic abnormalities, and decreased renal excretion function.

1. Adjust dietary structure:

Reduce the intake of high purine foods such as animal organs, seafood, and thick meat soup, and it is recommended to control the daily purine intake below 200 milligrams. Increasing the intake of low-fat dairy products, fresh vegetables, and whole grains can promote uric acid excretion. Avoid sugary drinks and alcohol, especially beer which contains a large amount of guanosine that can be converted into uric acid.

2. Increase water intake:

It is recommended to drink 2000-3000 milliliters of water per day, in small portions. Adequate hydration can dilute urine concentration and promote the excretion of uric acid through the kidneys. It is advisable to choose weakly alkaline water or lemon water, which can help alkalize urine. However, individuals with abnormal kidney function should follow medical advice to control their water intake.

3. Weight control:

Obesity can exacerbate insulin resistance and inhibit uric acid excretion. By calculating the BMI index to assess weight status, it is advisable for overweight individuals to lose 2-4 kilograms per month. To avoid ketosis caused by rapid weight loss and temporary increase in uric acid, it is recommended to scientifically reduce weight through diet control and exercise.

4. Moderate exercise:

Choose low impact aerobic exercise such as swimming and cycling, 3-5 times a week, for 30-45 minutes each time. Intense exercise may lead to competitive inhibition of uric acid excretion due to lactate accumulation. It is important to replenish fluids promptly after exercise. Avoid prolonged high-intensity anaerobic exercise and pay attention to joint protection during exercise.

5. Drug intervention:

When uric acid levels remain above 480 μ mol/L or gout symptoms occur, uric acid lowering drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor. Commonly used drugs include allopurinol, febuxostat, which inhibits uric acid production, and benzbromarone, which promotes uric acid excretion. Regular monitoring of liver and kidney function and uric acid levels is required during medication. Adolescents with elevated uric acid levels need to establish long-term management awareness, maintain a regular daily routine, and avoid staying up late that affects metabolism. It is recommended to use steaming instead of frying for cooking, and limit salt intake to no more than 5 grams per day. Regularly monitor uric acid levels, record changes in diet and symptoms, and seek timely medical attention from rheumatology and immunology departments if joint redness, swelling, heat, and pain occur. Individuals with a history of gout in their family should pay more attention to early intervention to prevent joint and kidney damage caused by uric acid crystal deposition.