How to provide psychological counseling for schizophrenia

Psychological counseling for schizophrenia requires a combination of medication therapy and professional psychological intervention, including cognitive behavioral therapy, family psychological education, social skills training, supportive psychotherapy, and art therapy. Schizophrenia may be related to genetic factors, brain structural abnormalities, neurotransmitter imbalances, psychological stress or environmental stimuli, and is usually manifested as symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, emotional apathy or behavioral disorders.

1. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy helps patients identify and correct distorted thinking patterns, reducing the negative effects of hallucinations or delusions. Therapists will guide patients to distinguish between reality and pathological perception, such as using reality testing techniques for paranoid ideation. It is necessary to use antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine tablets and risperidone oral solution to stabilize symptoms, and the treatment course usually lasts for several months or more. Parents need to assist patients in recording changes in symptoms and provide timely feedback to doctors.

2. Family Psychological Education

Family psychological education aims to improve family members' understanding of the disease and reduce the risk of recurrence caused by high emotional expression. The content includes disease causes, medication management, and communication skills, such as using non critical language to communicate with patients. It is recommended that parents participate in group training to learn how to identify early signs of recurrence such as sleep disorders or social withdrawal, and if necessary, use combination therapy with drugs such as aripiprazole tablets for enhanced treatment.

3. Social skills training

Social skills training simulates daily scenarios through role-playing to improve patients' interpersonal functional deficits. Focus on training eye contact, emotion recognition, and conversation skills, suitable for alleviating negative symptoms such as emotional dullness. It can be repeated in conjunction with computer-aided programs, avoiding excessive stimulation during the process. If anxiety occurs, quetiapine sustained-release tablets can be used in the short term to stabilize emotions. 4. Supportive psychotherapy provides a safe environment for patients to express their feelings and enhance treatment compliance. Establishing trust relationships through empathetic listening can help deal with feelings of shame or depression, especially for patients in the recovery period. Be careful not to argue with delusional content, and if necessary, use amisulpride tablets in combination to improve emotional symptoms. Parents should regularly accompany follow-up visits to assess progress.

5. Art therapy

Art therapy uses nonverbal methods such as painting and music to alleviate emotions, and is suitable for patients with limited language expression. The creative process helps to release inner conflicts, and group activities can also promote social connections. Low stimulation projects such as pottery or choir singing should be selected. If the creative content reflects symptoms of mental illness, the dosage of drugs such as ziprasidone capsules should be adjusted in a timely manner.

During the psychological counseling period, it is necessary to maintain a regular sleep schedule, engage in 30 minutes of mild exercise such as walking or yoga every day, and pay attention to supplementing with omega-3 fatty acids and B vitamins in diet. Avoid consuming irritating substances such as alcohol and caffeine, and family members should regularly clean up dangerous items at home. It is recommended to participate in community rehabilitation projects, gradually establish a social support network, and immediately contact the attending physician to adjust the treatment plan when the condition fluctuates.