How to determine the symptoms of personality disorders

The symptoms of personality disorders mainly manifest as persistent behavior, emotions, and thinking patterns that deviate significantly from the cultural expectations of the individual, usually involving abnormalities in cognition, emotions, interpersonal relationships, and impulse control. Personality disorders mainly include paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, performative personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder, compulsive personality disorder, and other types.

1. Paranoid personality disorder

Symptoms of paranoid personality disorder include general distrust of others' motives, excessive suspicion of others' loyalty, tendency to hold grudges, unwillingness to take responsibility, and stubbornness. Patients often misunderstand neutral or friendly behavior from others as hostility or threat, leading to tense interpersonal relationships and unfounded suspicion, often resulting in conflicts with others over trivial matters. Paranoid personality disorder may be related to genetic factors, childhood traumatic experiences, or long-term adverse family environments. When symptoms are severe, antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine tablets and quetiapine tablets can be used as adjunctive therapy according to medical advice, combined with psychological therapy to improve cognition.

2. Schizophrenia like personality disorder

Schizophrenia like personality disorder is mainly characterized by emotional coldness, lack of interest in intimate relationships, being alone, and experiencing very little pleasure. Patients usually choose a solitary lifestyle, indifferent to others' evaluations, significantly reduce social interactions, and often immerse themselves in their own inner world or special hobbies. Schizophrenia like personality disorder may be associated with genetic susceptibility and impaired early attachment relationships. There is currently no specific medication for this type of personality disorder, and psychological therapy and behavior correction may be helpful.

3. Split personality disorder

The characteristics of split personality disorder include eccentric beliefs, peculiar ways of thinking and behavior, excessive social anxiety, etc. Patients often have unusual perceptual experiences, such as believing in telepathy or sixth sense, and their language expression may be ambiguous. A state of obvious discomfort and lack of close friends in interpersonal relationships can easily lead to a sense of involvement. There is a certain correlation between split personality disorder and schizophrenia. Clinically, medication such as risperidone tablets and aripiprazole tablets can be used as prescribed, in combination with cognitive-behavioral therapy.

4. Borderline personality disorder

Borderline personality disorder is mainly characterized by emotional instability, tense interpersonal relationships, confused self-image, significant impulsivity, and self injurious suicidal behavior. Patients often have a strong fear of being abandoned, exhibiting extreme idealization and belittling of others in interpersonal communication, and decision-making is often influenced by sudden emotional changes. Borderline personality disorder is closely related to childhood traumatic experiences. In terms of treatment, stabilizers such as sodium valproate sustained-release tablets and lamotrigine tablets can be used according to medical advice, combined with dialectical behavior therapy to improve symptoms.

5. Anti social personality disorder

The core characteristics of antisocial personality disorder are indifference and infringement of others' rights, manifested as deception, aggressive behavior, irresponsibility, lack of remorse, etc. Patients often have a record of illegal or violating social norms, exhibiting behavior problems from adolescence and continuing to ignore social rules as adults, unable to maintain stable work or interpersonal relationships. Antisocial personality disorder is associated with genetic factors, childhood abuse, and neurobiological abnormalities. At present, psychological and social interventions are mainly relied upon, and medication can be used to improve accompanying symptoms such as anxiety and depression, such as sertraline hydrochloride tablets. The diagnosis of personality disorders requires professional psychiatrists to make judgments through detailed interviews and psychological assessments. In daily care, it is recommended that patients maintain a regular schedule, engage in appropriate physical exercise, and avoid using alcohol or prohibited drugs to worsen symptoms. Family members should provide understanding and support, avoid criticism and blame, and assist patients in adhering to the treatment plan. If dangerous behaviors such as self injury or suicide are discovered, immediate medical intervention should be sought. Early standardized treatment can significantly improve symptoms and functional impairment.