How to deal with psychological abnormalities

Psychological abnormalities can be treated through psychological counseling, medication therapy, lifestyle adjustments, social support, crisis intervention, and other means. Psychological abnormalities may be related to genetic factors, stress events, brain dysfunction, chronic diseases, substance abuse, and other reasons.

1. Psychological counseling

Cognitive behavioral therapy can help improve erroneous cognitive patterns, and structured talks can be conducted 1-2 times a week for anxiety or depression symptoms. Interpersonal therapy is suitable for dealing with social disorders by training social skills through role-playing. Existentialist therapy can alleviate feelings of emptiness and help establish a sense of meaning in life. Psychological counseling needs to be conducted by a registered psychologist, and the treatment usually takes 8-12 weeks.

2. Drug therapy

Paroxetine hydrochloride tablets are suitable for depression with anxiety symptoms and can regulate serotonin levels. Olanzapine tablets are used for severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia and can improve delusional symptoms. Sodium valproate sustained-release tablets can stabilize emotional fluctuations in bipolar disorder. All psychotropic drugs must be strictly used according to medical advice to avoid sudden withdrawal reactions.

3. Lifestyle Adjustment

Maintaining a regular schedule can help stabilize biological rhythms. It is recommended to set a fixed bedtime and wake-up time. Moderate aerobic exercise can promote the secretion of endorphins, with 3-5 30 minute brisk walks or swimming per week. The Mediterranean dietary pattern can provide omega-3 fatty acids, and consume more deep-sea fish and nut foods. Daily mindfulness meditation for 15-20 minutes can lower cortisol levels.

4. Social Support

Joining a patient mutual aid group can gain emotional resonance and alleviate feelings of shame. Family members' participation in treatment can help improve family interaction patterns, and excessive protection or blame should be avoided. Vocational rehabilitation training can help restore social function and can be adapted from simple work tasks. The community mental health service center provides day care and skills training.

5. Crisis Intervention

Suicide risk assessment should focus on verbal cues and behavioral signs, such as allocating personal belongings. In emergency situations, you can contact the 24-hour psychological assistance hotline for professional help. Short term hospitalization is suitable for acute attacks, providing a safe environment and medication adjustments. After a crisis, a recurrence prevention plan should be established, including early warning signal recognition. Maintaining a balanced diet helps with neurotransmitter synthesis, and it is recommended to increase foods rich in tryptophan such as bananas and oats. Regular exercise can improve levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, with 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week. Establish a stable social support network and regularly participate in community activities. Avoid alcohol and caffeine intake, as these substances may exacerbate emotional fluctuations. Sleep hygiene management is important, keep the bedroom dark and quiet, and avoid using electronic devices one hour before bedtime. When symptoms persist or worsen, it is necessary to seek timely medical attention at a psychiatric department. Professional evaluation can determine whether adjustments to the treatment plan are needed.