How to check HVP

HVP generally refers to human papillomavirus, which is mainly detected by nucleic acid testing through cervical swab sampling, visual observation combined with acetic acid white test, and other methods. The human papillomavirus test is an important means of screening for cervical cancer and genital warts, and the specific methods vary depending on the purpose and location of the test.

The examination of human papillomavirus in the cervical area usually uses a dedicated soft brush to rotate and collect exfoliated cells at the cervical opening. After the sample is sent for testing, the virus DNA is detected by polymerase chain reaction technology, which can clearly distinguish high-risk types such as type 16 and 18 from low-risk types such as type 6 and 11. Sexual activity, vaginal flushing, or medication should be avoided within 24 hours before the examination, and sampling should not be taken during menstruation. For suspicious warts on the external genitalia or perianal area, doctors will observe the morphology of the skin lesions with the naked eye and conduct an acetic acid white test. This involves applying a 5% ice acetic acid solution to the suspicious area for 3 to 5 minutes. If the area turns white locally, it may indicate the presence of human papillomavirus infection. The examination of the male urethral opening or anal canal requires the use of specialized swabs for sampling, which may cause slight discomfort during the process. In addition, for patients with abnormal cervical cytology examination, doctors may recommend vaginal biopsy under colposcopy to confirm the diagnosis through histopathology. All examinations must be conducted by professional medical personnel in formal medical institutions, and the doctor's medical history and medication use should be truthfully informed before the examination.

It is recommended that women who engage in sexual activity undergo joint human papillomavirus testing and cervical cytology screening every 3 to 5 years. Men who develop genital or perianal growths should also seek medical attention promptly. After the examination, pay attention to keeping the local area clean and dry, and avoid vigorous exercise. If there is a small amount of vaginal bleeding, it is a normal phenomenon and can generally stop on its own after 1 to 2 days. The risk of infection can be reduced through daily vaccination against human papillomavirus, use of condoms, and maintaining a single sexual partner.