How to check for cervical erosion

Cervical erosion usually refers to the ectopia of cervical columnar epithelium, which can be diagnosed through gynecological examination, cervical cytology examination, human papillomavirus testing, colposcopy examination, and cervical biopsy. This is a physiological phenomenon, but cervical lesions need to be ruled out. It is recommended to choose the examination items according to the doctor's advice.

1. Gynecological examination:

Gynecological examination is a basic screening, in which doctors observe the appearance of the cervix with the naked eye to determine whether there is congestion, abnormal secretions, or contact bleeding. This examination can preliminarily evaluate the condition of the cervix, but cannot distinguish between physiological ectopia and pathological changes. If suspicious symptoms are found, further examination is necessary.

2. Cervical cytology examination:

Cervical cytology examination, also known as TCT examination, collects cervical exfoliated cells for pathological analysis to screen for the presence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer cells. This examination can detect early lesions, and it is recommended that women who have sexual activity undergo it regularly. If the results are abnormal, other examinations should be combined to confirm the diagnosis.

3. Human Papillomavirus Testing:

Human Papillomavirus testing is used to screen for high-risk HPV infections, which are the main pathogenic factors of cervical cancer. If the test result is positive, the risk should be evaluated in conjunction with cervical cytology results. Negative results can prolong the follow-up interval, but continuous infection requires close follow-up.

4. Vaginal examination:

Vaginal examination is performed when there are abnormalities in cervical cytology or HPV testing, and suspicious areas are detected by magnifying the observation of cervical blood vessels and epithelial morphology. Acetic acid or iodine solution staining may be used during examination to help locate the lesion site, and biopsy may be performed if necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

5. Cervical biopsy:

Cervical biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing cervical lesions, and suspicious tissue is taken under colposcopy for pathological analysis. This examination can clarify the nature and severity of the lesion, guide subsequent treatment plans, and require postoperative rest and avoidance of infection. During the waiting period for pathological results, the external genitalia should be kept clean.

The examination for cervical erosion should be selected based on individual circumstances. It is recommended to undergo regular gynecological examinations, especially if there is abnormal vaginal bleeding or increased secretion, and seek medical attention promptly. Daily attention should be paid to keeping the perineum clean and avoiding unclean sexual activity. Getting vaccinated against HPV can effectively prevent cervical lesions. If the results are normal after the examination, there is no need to be overly anxious, but regular follow-up examinations should be conducted according to medical advice.