How should patients with psychological disorders be treated

Patients with psychological disorders can be treated through psychological therapy, medication therapy, physical therapy, social support intervention, lifestyle adjustments, and other methods. Psychological disorders may be related to genetic factors, environmental stress, abnormal brain function, traumatic experiences, chronic diseases, and other factors. They usually manifest as symptoms such as low mood, anxiety, cognitive impairment, abnormal behavior, and physical discomfort.

1. Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy is a core intervention for psychological disorders, and cognitive-behavioral therapy improves depression or anxiety by correcting negative thinking patterns, making it suitable for diseases such as depression and anxiety. Interpersonal therapy focuses on improving social functioning and is effective for personality disorders or adaptation disorders. Psychoanalytic therapy explores subconscious conflicts and is commonly used in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. The treatment requires a personalized plan developed by a professional psychologist and 1-2 systematic meetings per week. Parents need to assist child patients in cooperating with therapists to complete behavioral training.

II. Medication Treatment

Antidepressants such as fluoxetine hydrochloride capsules can regulate serotonin levels and improve depressive symptoms, while escitalopram oxalate tablets are suitable for depression accompanied by anxiety. Antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine tablets can control positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, while aripiprazole orally disintegrating tablets are effective in treating manic episodes of bipolar disorder. Benzodiazepines such as lorazepam tablets can temporarily alleviate acute anxiety, but long-term use should be avoided. All medications must be evaluated by a psychiatrist before being prescribed, and self adjustment of dosage is strictly prohibited.

III. Physical therapy

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation regulates the neural activity of the prefrontal cortex through magnetic fields, which has a good effect on refractory depression. Electroconvulsive therapy is used for patients with severe suicidal tendencies or stiff state, and should be performed under anesthesia. Biofeedback therapy helps patients autonomously regulate physiological indicators and improve symptoms of anxiety or insomnia. Phototherapy regulates melatonin secretion by simulating natural light and is suitable for seasonal affective disorders. Physical therapy needs to be performed by a physician in a professional institution, and parents need to accompany minor patients to complete the treatment cycle.

4. Social Support Intervention

Family therapy reduces patient stress by improving family member interaction patterns, especially effective for adolescent emotional disorders. Vocational rehabilitation training helps patients restore social function and is suitable for the remission period of schizophrenia. The community support group provides a platform for patients to communicate and reduce feelings of loneliness. School adaptive intervention can adjust learning pressure, and parents need to maintain cooperation with teachers. Social support needs to be sustained and coordinated with professional rehabilitation guidance programs.

V. Lifestyle Adjustment

Regular sleep patterns can help stabilize biological rhythms, and it is recommended to maintain 7-8 hours of sleep. Moderate exercise such as yoga or swimming can promote endorphin secretion, with 3-5 aerobic exercises per week. A balanced diet should include foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as deep-sea fish and nuts, while avoiding alcohol and excessive caffeine. Mindfulness meditation training can enhance emotional regulation ability, practicing for 10-20 minutes every day. Parents need to help children establish a healthy lifestyle routine and avoid excessive use of electronic devices. The treatment of psychological disorders requires long-term comprehensive management, and patients should have regular follow-up visits to evaluate the efficacy. Family members should learn about diseases to avoid shame and create a low-pressure family environment. Maintain moderate social activity but avoid excessive stimulation, and keep a diary of emotional changes to help doctors adjust their plans. When experiencing thoughts of self harm or worsening symptoms, seek medical attention immediately. For sudden impulsive behavior, contact the psychiatric emergency department. During the rehabilitation period, one can gradually participate in volunteer service to rebuild confidence, but it is necessary to set phased goals based on actual abilities.