Does depression belong to a brain disease or a psychological disease

Depression belongs to both brain diseases and psychological disorders, involving the dual effects of neurobiological changes and psychosocial factors. The pathogenesis of depression mainly includes factors such as neurotransmitter imbalance, abnormal brain function, genetic susceptibility, psychological trauma, and chronic stress.

1. Neurotransmitter Imbalance

Depressive patients often experience abnormal levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. These physiological changes can be regulated by drugs such as fluoxetine hydrochloride capsules, escitalopram oxalate tablets, paroxetine hydrochloride tablets, etc. Symptoms such as sustained low mood and decreased interest should be evaluated in conjunction with EEG and other examinations to assess neural electrical activity.

Second, functional abnormalities in brain regions

Structural or functional abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and other brain regions may lead to emotional regulation disorders. Functional nuclear magnetic resonance can observe changes in metabolic activity in these regions. This type of organic lesion needs to be differentiated from diseases such as bipolar disorder, and if necessary, combined with repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy.

III. Genetic susceptibility

Individuals with a history of depression in the SEP family have a significantly increased risk of developing the disease, and specific genes such as 5-HTTLPR polymorphism are associated with the onset of the disease. Patients of this type may experience prodromal symptoms such as sleep disorders and changes in appetite in the early stages. It is recommended to use genetic testing to assist in risk assessment.

4. Psychological trauma

Traumatic events such as childhood abuse and major loss may trigger persistent psychological stress reactions. Cognitive behavioral therapy can improve the negative cognitive patterns caused by it, and when combined with medications such as mirtazapine, it can alleviate the accompanying symptoms of anxiety and insomnia.

Fifth, chronic stress

Long term work stress or interpersonal conflicts may lead to dysfunction of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis. This type of situation requires stress source management, combined with mindfulness training and medication such as sertraline hydrochloride to regulate stress response. Patients with depression should maintain a regular schedule and moderate exercise. Doing 30 minutes of aerobic exercise daily can help promote the secretion of endorphins. Add deep-sea fish, nuts, and other foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids to your diet to avoid a high sugar diet that exacerbates inflammation. The social support system is crucial for rehabilitation, and it is recommended that family members participate in the treatment process and undergo regular mental health assessments. If symptoms persist for more than 2 weeks or suicidal ideation occurs, immediate medical attention should be sought at a psychiatric and psychological department.