Can liver cysts lead to abnormal liver function

Liver cysts usually do not cause liver dysfunction. Liver cysts are mostly benign lesions that grow slowly and are mostly asymptomatic. They may only affect liver function when they are too large in size or accompanied by infection.

Liver cyst is a cystic structure filled with fluid in the liver, often caused by congenital or degenerative changes. The cyst wall of a simple liver cyst is composed of a single layer of epithelial cells and is not connected to the biliary system, so it does not interfere with the normal metabolic function of liver cells. Clinical observations have found that cysts with a diameter less than 5 centimeters generally do not cause changes in liver function indicators such as elevated transaminase and abnormal bilirubin. Patients may experience dull pain or bloating in the upper right abdomen, but laboratory tests often show normal liver function. Ultrasound examination is the main method for diagnosing liver cysts, typically presenting as a clearly defined hypoechoic area. When the diameter of a liver cyst exceeds 10 centimeters or complications such as intracystic bleeding and infection occur, it may cause mechanical compression on the surrounding liver tissue. This situation may cause portal hypertension or bile duct obstruction, leading to liver function abnormalities such as jaundice and coagulation dysfunction. Polycystic liver disease patients may experience liver failure due to the presence of cysts of varying sizes in the liver, which can lead to a significant replacement of normal liver tissue. These patients require regular monitoring of liver function indicators, and if necessary, treatment can be achieved through puncture, aspiration, or surgical resection.

It is recommended that patients with liver cysts undergo ultrasound monitoring every 6-12 months to monitor changes in the cysts and avoid vigorous abdominal exercise to prevent cyst rupture. Daily diet should control the intake of high-fat and high sugar foods, quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption to reduce liver burden. If there are symptoms of abnormal liver function such as yellowing of the skin and sclera, sudden loss of appetite, etc., seek medical evaluation immediately.