Breast examination and self-examination

Breast examination and self-examination are important means for early detection of breast diseases, mainly including clinical breast examination, breast ultrasound, mammography and other medical examination methods, as well as monthly breast self-examination. It is recommended that women undergo regular breast examinations starting from the age of 20, and high-risk individuals should increase the frequency of examinations according to the doctor's advice.

1. Clinical Breast Examination

Clinical breast examination is conducted by professional doctors to evaluate the condition of the breast through palpation, and can detect abnormalities such as lumps and skin changes. The doctor will check for breast symmetry, nipple discharge, lymph node enlargement, and other conditions. Women over 40 years old are recommended to undergo a clinical examination once a year, and before the examination, they should avoid periods of significant breast swelling and pain during the menstrual cycle.

II. Breast Ultrasound

Breast ultrasound uses high-frequency sound wave imaging, which is suitable for examining dense breast tissue and can distinguish between cystic and solid masses. Non radiative and reproducible, it is the preferred screening method for women under 35 years old. During the examination, the breast needs to be exposed, and the doctor will apply a coupling agent on the skin surface and slide the probe to observe.

III. Mammography

Mammography can detect small calcifications and is highly sensitive to early breast cancer. Women over 40 years old are recommended to have a check-up every 1-2 years. During the check-up, the breasts should be flattened to obtain clear images, and there may be temporary discomfort. breastfeeding women and pregnant women should avoid this examination.

Fourth, breast self-examination

Perform breast self-examination 5-7 days after the end of menstruation each month, including visual and palpation. Observe whether there are any depressions, redness, and swelling on the breast skin, and whether there are any inverted or overflowing nipples. Use fingertips to press and examine the entire breast and armpit area in concentric circles or radially. If any abnormalities such as lumps or thickening are found, seek medical attention promptly.

V. Magnetic Resonance Examination

Breast magnetic resonance examination is suitable for supplementary screening of high-risk populations and can provide three-dimensional breast images. The examination requires injection of contrast agent, which is time-consuming and expensive, and is usually not used as a routine screening method. Those who have metal implants in their bodies need to inform their doctors in advance. Establishing regular breast examination habits can help detect lesions early, and it is recommended to combine medical examinations with self-examination. Maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol intake, and engaging in regular exercise can reduce the risk of breast disease. When abnormal changes in the breasts are detected, there is no need to be overly anxious, and timely medical attention should be sought to clarify the diagnosis. Breastfeeding women should empty their breast milk before undergoing breast examination, and after the examination, they can apply hot compress according to medical advice to relieve discomfort. postmenopausal women still need to adhere to annual physical examinations and should not neglect breast health due to age.