Annual physical examination items for women

The annual physical examination items for women mainly include gynecological examination, breast examination, thyroid examination, blood routine and imaging examination, etc. The combination of items can be adjusted according to age and health risks.

1. Gynecological examination

Cervical cancer screening is a core project, and women over 21 years old or with a history of sexual activity should undergo regular TCT and human papillomavirus testing. Vaginal secretion examination can detect common infections such as candidal vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis. It is recommended to increase gynecological ultrasound screening for lesions such as uterine fibroids and ovarian cysts for those over 40 years old. postmenopausal women should pay attention to changes in endometrial thickness and perform curettage if necessary.

2. Breast examination

Breast clinical palpation combined with breast ultrasound is the basic screening method, and it is recommended for women under 40 years old to undergo it annually. Breast X-ray examination should be increased after the age of 45, and breast magnetic resonance imaging can be combined with high-risk individuals. Discovery of breast nodules requires BI-RADS grading evaluation, and biopsy is required for grades 4 or above. It is recommended to start screening at the age of 35 for those with a family history.

3. Thyroid examination

Thyroid palpation combined with ultrasound can detect nodular lesions, and detecting thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine can evaluate functional status. Physical examination reveals TI-RADS nodules of class 3 or above, which require a follow-up every six months. For those with abnormal thyroid function, further antibody testing should be conducted. Pregnant women need to pay special attention to changes in TSH levels.

4. Blood biochemistry examination

routine includes fasting blood glucose, liver function, kidney function, and blood lipids, which can detect metabolic abnormalities early. It is recommended to increase glycosylated hemoglobin test for people over 45 years old, and oral glucose tolerance test is required for people at high risk of diabetes. Blood uric acid testing has implications for the prevention of gout, and individuals at high risk of iron deficiency anemia should pay attention to serum ferritin.

5. Imaging examination

Bone density testing is suitable for screening osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, and chest X-rays are helpful for early detection of lung diseases. Abdominal ultrasound examination of liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen may be considered for individuals over 40 years old, while those at high risk of colorectal cancer should undergo regular colonoscopy examinations. Long term use of contraceptive pills is recommended to increase the use of lower limb venous ultrasound to screen for thrombosis.

It is recommended to adjust the inspection focus according to the current lifecycle. Pay attention to gynecological and breast health during the reproductive age period, strengthen metabolism and bone mass monitoring during the perimenopause period, and focus on tumor markers and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular assessment in the elderly stage. Avoid vaginal medication and intense exercise for 3 days before the examination, and fast for 8 hours for fasting items. Abnormal physical examination results require specialized follow-up, and some items such as HPV vaccination can be planned in conjunction with the physical examination. Establishing a continuous health record helps to compare changes in data over the years.