7 Common Psychological Disorders

Common psychological disorders include depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, eating disorders, etc. These diseases may be caused by factors such as genetics, environmental stress, and abnormal brain function, and need to be improved through psychological therapy, medication intervention, and other means.

1. Depression

Depression is characterized by persistent low mood and decreased interest, which may be related to an imbalance of neurotransmitters such as serotonin. Patients often exhibit symptoms such as sleep disorders, changes in appetite, and decreased attention. Commonly used drugs in clinical practice, such as fluoxetine hydrochloride capsules, escitalopram oxalate tablets, and olanzapine tablets, require cognitive behavioral therapy. Mild patients can alleviate symptoms through regular exercise and social activities.

2. Anxiety disorder

Anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive worry and somatic symptoms, such as palpitations, sweating, etc. The onset of the disease is related to overactivation of the amygdala, and commonly used drugs include paroxetine hydrochloride tablets, lorazepam tablets, and buspirone tablets. Breathing training and mindfulness meditation can be used as auxiliary interventions, and severe panic attacks require timely medical attention.

3. Bipolar affective disorder

Bipolar affective disorder is characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression, which may be related to dopamine system disorders. Lithium carbonate sustained-release tablets, sodium valproate tablets and other mood stabilizers are basic medications that need to be adjusted in conjunction with sleep rhythm. During manic phase, impulsive behavior should be prevented, while during depressive phase, self injury risk should be prevented.

4. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive Compulsive thinking and behavior that cannot be controlled are associated with abnormal basal ganglia function. Medications such as sertraline hydrochloride tablets and fluvoxamine tablets can improve symptoms, and exposure and response prevention therapy is an effective psychological intervention. Avoid excessive cleaning and other reinforcement behaviors in daily life.

5. Post traumatic stress disorder

Post traumatic stress disorder is caused by major traumatic events and is characterized by flashbacks and increased alertness. Paroxetine hydrochloride tablets and venlafaxine sustained-release capsules can alleviate symptoms, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy have significant effects. Establishing a sense of security and social support are key rehabilitation factors.

6. Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is characterized by hallucinations and delusions, involving excessive activity of dopamine receptors. Antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine tablets and risperidone orally disintegrating tablets need to be taken for a long time, and social skills training can help with functional recovery. Early intervention can significantly improve prognosis.

7. Eating disorders

Eating disorders include anorexia nervosa and binge eating disorder, which are associated with cognitive distortions of body images. Fluoxetine hydrochloride capsules can assist in the treatment of binge eating behavior, and nutritional reconstruction needs to be gradual. Family therapy is particularly important for adolescent patients, as it is necessary to prevent physical complications such as electrolyte imbalances. Patients with psychological disorders should maintain a regular schedule and moderate exercise, and avoid psychoactive substances such as alcohol. Family members need to learn non critical communication skills and identify suicide risk signals in a timely manner. It is recommended to have regular follow-up visits to evaluate the efficacy, and medication adjustments must strictly follow medical advice. Early identification of symptoms can significantly improve the probability, and social support systems play an important role in rehabilitation.