Will malnutrition cause an enlarged belly

Malnutrition may lead to an enlarged belly, but not all situations will result in this phenomenon. Abdominal distension may be related to low protein edema caused by protein deficiency, or it may be caused by intestinal dysfunction leading to bloating. Long term insufficient nutrient intake can lead to muscle atrophy and abnormal visceral fat metabolism, which may manifest as abdominal protrusion in some populations.

Protein energy malnutrition is a common cause. The decrease of plasma albumin will lead to the imbalance of body fluid osmotic pressure, and water retention in tissue gaps will form edema, which is common in the abdomen and lower limbs. Patients often have signs such as dry skin and sparse hair, and children may experience growth and development delays. This type of situation needs to be improved through gradual nutritional supplementation, prioritizing the increase of high-quality protein and vitamin intake. Dysfunction of digestion and absorption can also cause abdominal distension, such as in patients with chronic enteritis or lactose intolerance. The imbalance of gut microbiota produces excessive gas, accompanied by alternating diarrhea or constipation. This type of situation requires screening for food allergens and supplementing probiotics to regulate the microbiota if necessary. Older people are more prone to functional bloating due to reduced gastrointestinal motility, and should pay attention to a soft and easily digestible diet.

Maintain a regular eating rhythm, ensure sufficient high-quality protein such as fish, egg, and milk daily, and pair with whole grains and fresh vegetables and fruits. Avoid long-term single diet or excessive dieting, and supplement nutrition in a timely manner after physical activity. If unexplained abdominal swelling persists, it is recommended to undergo medical examinations such as liver function and thyroid function to rule out organic diseases.