What medication should be taken to reduce high uric acid levels

Patients with high uric acid levels should follow medical advice to use uric acid lowering drugs. Commonly used drugs include febuxostat tablets, allopurinol tablets, benzbromarone tablets, sodium bicarbonate tablets, colchicine tablets, etc. High uric acid levels may be related to factors such as improper diet, metabolic abnormalities, and reduced renal excretion, usually manifested as joint swelling and pain, gouty stones, and other symptoms.

1. Febuxostat tablets

Febuxostat tablets reduce uric acid production by inhibiting xanthine oxidase and are suitable for long-term uric acid lowering treatment in gout patients. This medication may cause liver dysfunction or gastrointestinal reactions, and regular monitoring of liver and kidney function is necessary during medication. Patients with combined cardiovascular diseases should use it with caution after evaluation by a doctor.

2. Allopurinol Tablets

Allopurinol tablets are traditional uric acid lowering drugs that can inhibit uric acid synthase activity. It is contraindicated for individuals allergic to allopurinol, as the initial use may trigger acute gout attacks. It is recommended to use low-dose colchicine for prevention. Patients with renal insufficiency need to adjust their dosage, and during medication, they should drink more water to promote excretion.

3. Benzbromarone tablets

Benzbromarone tablets work by promoting renal uric acid excretion and are suitable for patients with reduced uric acid excretion. During the medication period, the daily water intake should be at least 2000 milliliters, and patients with kidney stones should use it with caution. This medicine may cause adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal discomfort or rash.

4. Sodium Bicarbonate Tablets

Sodium bicarbonate tablets can alkalize urine, prevent the formation of uric acid crystals, and are often used as adjunctive drugs. Long term use may cause metabolic alkalosis or edema, and caution should be exercised for those with heart failure. During medication, it is necessary to monitor the pH value of urine and maintain it at 6.2-6.9.

5. Colchicine tablets

Colchicine tablets are mainly used to relieve symptoms during acute gout attacks and are not used as routine uric acid lowering drugs. The treatment window of this drug is narrow, and excessive use may cause bone marrow suppression or neurotoxicity. It must be strictly used according to medical advice. Diarrhea is a common adverse reaction and should be promptly reduced when it occurs. Patients with high uric acid levels should limit their intake of high purine foods such as animal organs and seafood, and drink no less than 1500 milliliters of water per day, in addition to medication. It is recommended to choose low-intensity aerobic exercise such as swimming and cycling to avoid triggering gout through intense exercise. Regularly check the blood uric acid level and adjust the medication plan according to the doctor's advice. Do not increase or decrease the dosage on your own. If acute symptoms such as joint redness, swelling, heat and pain occur, seek medical attention immediately.