What is the reason for kidney damage

Kidney injury may be caused by various factors, including genetic factors, environmental factors, physiological factors, trauma, and pathological factors. The treatment method needs to be targeted according to the specific cause, including drug therapy, surgical treatment, and lifestyle adjustments.

1. Genetic factors: Some kidney diseases are hereditary, such as polycystic kidney disease, Alport syndrome, etc. These diseases are usually associated with genetic mutations, which may lead to a gradual decline in kidney function. For hereditary kidney disease, early screening and regular monitoring are key, and it is necessary to cooperate with doctors for drug control, such as using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors ACEI or angiotensin II receptor antagonists ARB to delay disease progression.

2. Environmental factors: Long term exposure to toxic substances, heavy metals, or certain drugs may damage the kidneys. For example, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, and herbal medicines containing aristolochic acid may all be toxic to the kidneys. Avoiding exposure to harmful substances and using medication rationally are key to preventing kidney damage caused by environmental factors. If damage has occurred, relevant medications should be immediately discontinued and kidney protection treatment should be received, such as using reduced glutathione or Shenkang injection.

3. Physiological factors: chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension are common causes of kidney injury. Long term hyperglycemia or hypertension can damage the glomeruli and tubules, leading to a decline in renal function. Controlling blood sugar and blood pressure is the core treatment measure, and commonly used drugs include metformin, insulin, valsartan, etc. Regular urine routine and kidney function tests can help detect abnormalities early.

4. Trauma: Severe abdominal or lumbar trauma may directly damage the kidneys, such as renal contusion and laceration, renal vascular injury, etc. Immediate medical attention is required after trauma, including urine routine, ultrasound or CT. The treatment method depends on the degree of injury. Mild injuries can be treated with bed rest and hemostatic drugs, while severe injuries may require surgical repair or partial nephrectomy.

5. Pathological factors: Diseases such as infections, stones, and tumors can also lead to kidney damage. Infectious diseases, such as pyelonephritis and kidney stones, require timely use of antibiotics or surgical removal of stones. Renal tumors require comprehensive treatment such as surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy based on the pathological type. The causes of kidney injury are complex and diverse, and early detection and targeted treatment are key to protecting kidney function. If symptoms such as decreased urine output, hematuria, and edema occur, seek medical attention promptly and undergo a comprehensive examination. By implementing a reasonable treatment plan and adopting a healthy lifestyle, further damage to kidney function can be effectively alleviated.