What diseases are overweight and obese individuals prone to

Overweight and obese people are prone to hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, fatty liver, osteoarthritis and other diseases. Long term overweight can lead to metabolic disorders, increased organ load, and subsequently trigger various chronic diseases.

1. Hypertension

Excessive accumulation of fat in the body can increase blood circulation resistance, leading to increased pumping burden on the heart. Obese people are often accompanied by insulin resistance, which may cause water and sodium retention and further increase hypertension. Controlling weight and limiting sodium intake can help improve blood pressure levels.

Type 2 and type 2 diabetes

Excess visceral fat will interfere with the normal function of insulin, resulting in abnormal blood glucose regulation. Long term overload of pancreatic beta cells in obese individuals may lead to functional failure. Weight loss can significantly improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the incidence of diabetes.

3. Coronary heart disease

Obese individuals often have abnormal blood lipids, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is prone to deposit on the blood vessel wall and form plaques. At the same time, chronic inflammation caused by obesity will accelerate the process of atherosclerosis. Maintaining a healthy weight is an important measure to prevent cardiovascular events.

4. Fatty liver

Imbalance in liver fat metabolism can lead to excessive accumulation of triglycerides in liver cells. The increase in free fatty acids and oxidative stress response caused by obesity may lead to liver cell damage. Moderate weight loss combined with aerobic exercise can reverse early fatty liver disease.

5. Osteoarthritis

Overweight puts abnormal pressure on joint cartilage, accelerating wear and degradation. Obesity related inflammatory factors can also disrupt joint synovial fluid balance. Losing weight can effectively alleviate knee joint load and delay the progression of joint degeneration.

It is recommended that overweight individuals adopt a gradual approach to weight loss, with a weekly weight loss rate controlled at around 1% of their body weight, which is relatively safe. Increase the intake of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains in diet, and reduce refined sugars and saturated fats. In terms of exercise, aerobic exercises such as swimming and cycling that have minimal impact on joints can be chosen, combined with resistance training to maintain muscle mass. Regularly monitor blood pressure, blood sugar and other indicators, and if necessary, intervene with medication under the guidance of a doctor. Establishing a long-term healthy lifestyle is more important than losing weight quickly.