What are the toxins in moldy corn

Moldy corn may contain harmful substances such as aflatoxin, zearalenone, fumonisin, ochratoxin, and vomitoxin. These toxins are mainly produced by molds such as Aspergillus and Fusarium, which have potential health hazards.

1. Aflatoxin

Aflatoxin is one of the most dangerous toxins in moldy corn, produced by Aspergillus flavus. This toxin is heat-resistant and cannot be destroyed by ordinary cooking. Long term intake can increase the risk of liver cancer. Aflatoxin can also damage the immune system and affect children's growth and development. Improper storage of corn or exposure to high temperature and humidity during growth can easily breed Aspergillus flavus.

2. Zearalenone

Zearalenone is mainly produced by Fusarium graminearum and has estrogenic effects. Ingestion may disrupt the endocrine system and lead to reproductive dysfunction. Pregnant women's exposure may affect fetal development, and long-term ingestion in children may lead to symptoms of precocious puberty. This toxin is more easily produced in humid environments and is commonly found in corn with poor storage conditions.

3. Fumonisin

Fumonisin is another type of toxin produced by Fusarium that may damage the nervous and immune systems. Animal experiments have shown that it may induce esophageal cancer, posing a potential threat to human health. This toxin has a high content in moldy corn and may cause acute poisoning symptoms such as nausea and vomiting after consumption.

4. Ochratoxin

Ochratoxin is produced by Aspergillus ochraceus and mainly damages kidney function. Long term exposure may lead to renal dysfunction and increase the risk of uremia. This toxin is more common in corn with large temperature fluctuations in storage environments, and has an accumulative nature. Even if ingested in small amounts for a long time, it may cause health damage.

5. Vomiting toxin

Vomiting toxin, also known as deoxynivalenol, may irritate the gastrointestinal tract and cause symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea after ingestion. This toxin also inhibits protein synthesis and affects immune system function. When the content of vomitoxin in moldy corn is high, poisoning reactions may occur shortly after consumption.

If corn is found to be moldy, it should be discarded immediately and not eaten. When storing corn, it should be kept dry and ventilated, and the humidity should be controlled within a safe range. When purchasing corn, pay attention to checking for mold spots and avoid purchasing products that have been stored for too long. Special attention should be paid to the storage conditions of cereal foods in daily diet, and the quality of grains should be checked regularly. If you experience discomfort after accidentally consuming moldy corn, you should seek medical examination and treatment in a timely manner.