What are the symptoms of calcium deficiency

Calcium deficiency may cause symptoms such as muscle spasms, osteoporosis, loose teeth, arrhythmia, and dry skin. Calcium is an essential mineral for the human body. Long term insufficient intake can lead to various health problems, mainly including increased excitability of nerves and muscles, skeletal system abnormalities, cardiovascular dysfunction, changes in skin and mucous membranes, and delayed growth and development.

1. Increased excitability of neuromuscular system

Calcium ions participate in nerve signal transduction and muscle contraction regulation. When blood calcium concentration decreases, there may be hand and foot convulsions, facial numbness or tingling sensation, and in severe cases, throat spasms may occur leading to difficulty breathing. This condition is common in individuals with hypoparathyroidism or vitamin D deficiency, and can be prevented daily by increasing the intake of calcium rich foods such as dairy and soy products.

2. Abnormal skeletal system

Long term insufficient calcium intake can accelerate bone loss, which may initially only manifest as lower back pain. As calcium loss continues, it may develop into osteoporosis, and minor external forces can cause fractures. Postmenopausal women are more likely to experience such symptoms due to a decrease in estrogen levels. It is recommended to undergo regular bone density testing and supplement calcium supplements appropriately.

3. Cardiovascular dysfunction

Calcium ions play an important role in maintaining normal myocardial contraction. Hypocalcemia may cause discomfort such as palpitations and chest tightness, and prolonged QT interval can be observed on electrocardiogram. Chronic kidney disease patients are more prone to related symptoms due to calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders, and need to use drugs such as calcium carbonate under the guidance of a doctor to regulate calcium and phosphorus balance.

4. Changes in skin and mucous membranes

Calcium is involved in maintaining skin barrier function, and deficiency may result in dry and flaky skin, brittle and cracked nails. Some patients may experience recurrent angular inflammation or oral ulcers, which is more common in patients with long-term diarrhea or malabsorption syndrome. Symptoms can be relieved by local use of calcium containing topical preparations.

5. Delayed growth and development

Insufficient calcium intake during childhood can affect bone development, manifested as slow height growth and delayed tooth extraction. Severe calcium deficiency may lead to rickets, resulting in skeletal deformities such as square skull and chicken chest. It is recommended that children during their growth and development period ensure sufficient daily intake of dairy products, and if necessary, supplement with vitamin D under the guidance of a physician to promote calcium absorption.

To prevent calcium deficiency, it is necessary to establish a scientific dietary structure, consume 300-500 milliliters of milk or equivalent dairy products daily, and consume high calcium foods such as tofu, sesame paste, and shrimp skin in moderation. At the same time, maintaining moderate sunlight promotes the synthesis of vitamin D in the body and avoids excessive consumption of beverages such as coffee and strong tea that affect calcium absorption. Middle aged and elderly people, pregnant women and other special groups should develop personalized calcium supplementation plans under the guidance of nutritionists, regularly monitor blood calcium and urine calcium levels, and prevent adverse reactions such as kidney stones caused by excessive calcium supplementation. When symptoms such as persistent muscle spasms and unexplained fractures occur, timely medical examination should be sought.