What are the main diseases that the secretory department focuses on

The Secretory Department mainly deals with endocrine system and metabolic diseases, including diabetes, thyroid diseases, osteoporosis, adrenal diseases, pituitary diseases, etc. The endocrine system is involved in systemic functional disorders caused by abnormal hormone secretion, which require clear diagnosis through hormone testing, imaging examinations, and other means.

1. diabetes

diabetes is the most common disease in the secretory department, which can be divided into type 1, type 2 and pregnancy diabetes. Typical symptoms include excessive drinking and urination, weight loss, and long-term poor blood sugar control, which may lead to complications such as retinopathy and kidney disease. Diagnosis should be combined with fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin testing. Treatment includes lifestyle interventions and hypoglycemic drugs such as metformin tablets and glimepiride tablets.

2. Thyroid diseases

include hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by palpitations, weight loss, and hand tremors, while hypothyroidism presents with fatigue, chills, and edema. The diagnosis can be confirmed through thyroid hormone testing and ultrasound examination. Commonly used drugs include methimazole tablets and levothyroxine sodium tablets.

3. Osteoporosis

is caused by a decrease in bone mass, which increases the risk of fractures and is more common in postmenopausal women and elderly people. Dual energy X-ray bone density examination is the main diagnostic method, and treatment requires supplementation of calcium and vitamin D. In severe cases, anti bone resorption drugs such as alendronate sodium tablets are used.

4. Adrenal diseases

include Cushing's syndrome, primary aldosteronism, etc. Symptoms such as central obesity, hypertension, and hypokalemia require diagnosis through cortisol rhythm testing and adrenal CT. In some cases, surgical resection of the tumor is necessary.

5. Pituitary diseases such as pituitary tumors can lead to abnormal hormone secretion, causing acromegaly, amenorrhea, lactation syndrome, etc. Magnetic resonance imaging can identify the location of tumors, and treatment includes drug control such as bromocriptine tablets, or transnasal transsphenoidal surgery for resection. Endocrine diseases are mostly chronic diseases, and patients need to regularly monitor relevant indicators. It is recommended to maintain a balanced diet, control refined sugar intake, and engage in moderate aerobic exercise. When experiencing symptoms such as unexplained weight changes, thirst, and polyuria, it is important to seek medical attention promptly and avoid self medication with steroids. Some endocrine diseases require lifelong medication, and the dosage must be strictly adjusted according to medical advice.