Pregnant women's blood sugar levels can cause deformities

Pregnant women with fasting blood glucose levels exceeding 5.1 mmol/L or postprandial blood glucose levels exceeding 10.0 mmol/L may increase the risk of fetal malformations. Abnormal blood glucose during pregnancy is mainly related to factors such as intensified insulin resistance, abnormal secretion of placental hormones, imbalanced dietary structure, rapid weight gain, and genetic factors.

1. Increased insulin resistance

Estrogen and progesterone secreted by the placenta in the middle and late stages of pregnancy can reduce insulin sensitivity, leading to abnormal blood glucose metabolism. This situation can be improved by moderate daily exercise, such as walking or yoga for pregnant women, while reducing the intake of refined carbohydrates.

2. Abnormal secretion of placental hormones

Abnormal placental function may lead to disrupted levels of hormones such as prolactin in the human placenta, further affecting glucose metabolism. Regular monitoring of placental function and fetal development is important, and if necessary, insulin should be used under the guidance of a doctor to control blood sugar.

3. Imbalance in dietary structure

A high sugar and high-fat diet can increase blood sugar load. It is recommended to increase the proportion of whole grains, green leafy vegetables, and high-quality protein. Changing three meals to five to six small meals can help stabilize postprandial blood sugar fluctuations.

4. Rapid weight gain

Weight gain during pregnancy exceeding the recommended range can exacerbate insulin resistance. According to the pre pregnancy body mass index, the weight gain during the entire pregnancy should be controlled between 11-16 kilograms, and the weight should be measured weekly and the trend of changes recorded.

5. Genetic factors

Pregnant women with a family history of diabetes are more likely to have abnormal glucose metabolism. This group of people should undergo glucose tolerance screening in early pregnancy and, if necessary, receive medical nutrition intervention in advance. Pregnancy blood glucose management requires comprehensive intervention. In addition to regular monitoring of blood glucose, it is recommended to record daily diet and exercise. Choose low glycemic index foods such as oats and legumes, and cook them mainly by steaming and boiling. 30 minutes after a meal, engage in gentle activities such as squatting against a wall or lifting a mineral water bottle to resist resistance. Seek medical attention immediately when symptoms such as blurred vision, polyuria, or abnormal thirst occur. Through scientific management, the vast majority of pregnant women can control their blood sugar levels within a safe range, reducing the risk of fetal developmental abnormalities.