Is depression a psychological disorder

Depression is a psychological disorder and a type of mood disorder. Depression is mainly characterized by low mood, decreased interest, and lack of energy, which may affect daily life and social function in severe cases. The core characteristic of depression is persistent low mood, and patients may feel sad, empty, or hopeless for a long time, losing interest in activities they used to be interested in. Accompanying symptoms include sleep disorders, changes in appetite, decreased attention, and low self-evaluation. Some patients may experience physical symptoms such as headaches, gastrointestinal discomfort, etc. The pathogenesis of depression involves multiple factors such as genetics, biochemistry, and psychosocial factors, and the imbalance of neurotransmitters in the brain is considered one of the important reasons. The diagnosis of depression requires a professional psychiatrist to evaluate it based on symptom criteria and exclude other physical illnesses that may cause similar symptoms. Mild depression can be improved through psychological counseling and lifestyle adjustments, while moderate to severe patients usually require a combination of medication treatment. Common antidepressant drugs include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and other categories. Psychological therapy such as cognitive-behavioral therapy has also been proven to have significant effects on depression. Patients with depression should maintain a regular daily routine, engage in appropriate aerobic exercise, have a balanced diet, and avoid alcohol and caffeine intake. The understanding and support from family and friends are crucial for recovery. If depression persists for more than two weeks, it is recommended to seek professional psychological help in a timely manner. Most cases of depression can achieve good results through standardized treatment, and early intervention can help prevent symptoms from worsening.