Pull ups mainly exercise the back muscles and biceps, with weaker stimulation on the triceps. The muscles that exert force upwards include the latissimus dorsi, trapezius, biceps brachii, etc., while the triceps brachii, as an antagonistic muscle, only plays an auxiliary stabilizing role. If targeted strengthening of the triceps is needed, it is recommended to choose narrow distance push ups, arm flexion and extension movements. During the pull-up process, the arm is in a flexed and pulled up position, and the triceps brachii, as the extensor muscle group, is in a passive stretching state, mainly responsible for maintaining joint stability. The standard pull up requires the body to be pulled vertically, with the back muscles dominating the force and the triceps participating less than 10%. For exercisers who want to shape their arm lines, it is difficult to achieve significant growth of the triceps by relying solely on pull ups. In rare cases, when using a reverse grip with a narrow distance pull upwards, the participation of the long head of the triceps will slightly increase. This variant action can increase the load on the elbow joint during extension by shortening the lever arm and adjusting the grip distance. However, compared to training exercises specifically targeting the triceps, its stimulating effect is still limited. For fitness beginners, it is recommended to first master the standard pull-up and then consider the variation training of compound movements after the basic strength is improved.
It is recommended to include pull-up exercises as part of the upper limb comprehensive training, combined with diamond push ups, dumbbell neck and back arm flexion and extension movements to form a training plan. Perform strength training three to four times a week, repeating each movement eight to twelve times, and pay attention to controlling the rhythm to avoid inertia compensation. Before and after training, it is necessary to fully warm up and stretch, supplement high-quality protein and carbohydrates to promote muscle repair. If joint pain occurs, immediately stop training and consult a professional rehabilitation physician if necessary.
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