What kind of mushroom is poisonous mushroom

Poisonous mushrooms usually have bright colors, scales on the cap, white gills, swollen stem base or carrier ring, but it is difficult to accurately judge solely based on appearance. The common poisonous mushrooms mainly include poisonous Amanita, poisonous powdery fungus, poisonous red mushroom, poisonous fly umbrella, white poisonous umbrella, etc. Eating poisonous mushrooms by mistake may cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, hallucinations, liver and kidney damage, and even death. It is recommended to be cautious when consuming wild mushrooms.

1. Poisonous Amanita

The cap of the poisonous Amanita is white or gray white, with scales on the surface, white gills, and a spherical base of the stem. Containing goose paste toxin, vomiting and diarrhea may occur 6 to 24 hours after ingestion, followed by liver and kidney failure. This toxin is resistant to high temperatures and cannot be destroyed by ordinary cooking. Immediate medical attention is required after poisoning. Currently, there is no specific antidote available, and supportive treatments such as gastric lavage and blood purification are mainly used.

2. Fusarium graminearum

The cap of Fusarium graminearum is yellow brown or reddish brown, the gills are pink, and the stem is slender. Containing muscarine and hemolytic toxins, symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and hemolysis may occur 30 minutes to 2 hours after ingestion. Toxins can cause red blood cell rupture, leading to anemia and renal dysfunction. Early poisoning can be reduced by inducing vomiting to reduce toxin absorption, and severe cases require hospitalization for treatment.

3. Poison Red Mushroom

The cap of Poison Red Mushroom is bright red or orange red, with a smooth and moist surface and white gills. Containing gastrointestinal irritant toxins and neurotoxins, symptoms such as severe vomiting, abdominal pain, and dizziness may occur within 1 to 3 hours after ingestion. Some patients may experience neurological symptoms such as hallucinations and delirium. After poisoning, induce vomiting immediately and replenish electrolytes to prevent dehydration.

4. The cap of the toxic fly umbrella

is bright red with white spots, the gills are white, and the stem is slender. Containing neurotoxins such as muscarine alkaloids and Amanitine, symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, excitement, and hallucinations may occur 30 minutes to 2 hours after ingestion. Toxins can act on the central nervous system, and in severe cases, seizures and coma may occur. After poisoning, it is necessary to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed and use sedatives if necessary.

5. White umbrella

The whole body of the white umbrella is white, the cap is smooth, the gills are white, and the stem is slender with a carrier ring. Containing goose paste toxin and ghost pen toxin, gastrointestinal symptoms appear 6 to 24 hours after ingestion, followed by liver and kidney damage. Toxins can inhibit cellular protein synthesis, leading to multiple organ failure. The mortality rate of poisoning is relatively high, and early blood purification treatment is needed. The most effective way to prevent mushroom poisoning is to avoid eating unfamiliar wild mushrooms. When purchasing mushrooms, one should choose a legitimate market and avoid buying wild mushrooms from unknown sources. When cooking mushrooms, make sure they are fully cooked and do not stir fry different types of mushrooms. If discomfort occurs after consumption, seek medical attention immediately and keep the remaining mushroom samples for identification. In daily diet, common edible mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, and enoki mushrooms can be chosen, which are nutritious and safe. Special attention should be paid to educating children not to randomly pick and consume wild mushrooms, and parents should strengthen supervision. If you accidentally ingest poisonous mushrooms, do not induce vomiting or take folk remedies on your own. You should immediately call the emergency hotline for professional medical assistance.