What is the reason for suddenly losing weight

Sudden weight loss may be caused by diabetes, hyperthyroidism, malignant tumors, digestive system diseases, psychological factors and other reasons. Rapid weight loss refers to a weight loss of more than 5% within 6 months. The cause should be determined based on accompanying symptoms, and it is recommended to seek medical attention and investigation in a timely manner.

1. diabetes

Uncontrolled diabetes will lead to glucose utilization disorder, and the body will be forced to decompose fat and protein for energy supply. Typical symptoms include excessive drinking and urination, skin itching, and slow wound healing. Diagnosis needs to be confirmed through blood glucose testing, and treatment includes insulin injection or oral hypoglycemic drugs, combined with a low carbohydrate diet.

2. Hyperthyroidism

Excessive secretion of thyroid hormones accelerates metabolic rate, and common symptoms include palpitations, fear of heat, and hand tremors. Graves' disease is the main cause and can be diagnosed through thyroid stimulating hormone testing. Antithyroid drugs such as methimazole are used for treatment, and in severe cases, radioactive iodine therapy is required.

3. Malignant tumor

Abnormal proliferation of tumor cells consumes a lot of energy, and liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, lymphoma, etc. are often accompanied by progressive wasting. May be accompanied by persistent low-grade fever, night sweats, and painless lymph node enlargement. Diagnosis should be confirmed through imaging examination and pathological biopsy, and surgery or radiotherapy and chemotherapy should be selected according to the stage.

4. Digestive system diseases

Inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis affect nutrient absorption, often accompanied by abdominal pain and diarrhea. Chronic gastritis, intestinal tuberculosis, and other conditions can also lead to insufficient intake. gastrointestinal endoscopy and fecal testing are required, and treatment includes anti-inflammatory drugs and enteral nutrition support.

5. Psychological factors

Depression, anorexia nervosa, and other mental illnesses can lead to decreased appetite or active fasting. Anxiety disorder patients experience increased depletion due to sympathetic nervous system excitation. A psychological assessment is required for diagnosis, and antidepressant medication combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy is used. Severe malnutrition requires hospitalization intervention.

Sudden weight loss requires monitoring the daily dietary intake and weight change curve, recording accompanying symptoms such as fever, pain, etc. It is recommended to undergo basic examinations such as blood routine, thyroid function, and tumor markers. For those with gastrointestinal discomfort, a comprehensive evaluation of the digestive system is necessary. Maintain regular meals and moderate exercise, and avoid taking weight gain medications on your own. All unexplained sudden weight loss must undergo a systematic examination under the guidance of a specialist, and early identification of the cause is crucial for prognosis.