What is the reason for high hemoglobin hematocrit

Elevated hemoglobin pressure may be caused by dehydration, long-term smoking, altitude sickness, polycythemia vera, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and other factors. It can be improved through methods such as fluid replacement, smoking cessation, oxygen therapy, bloodletting therapy, and medication.

1. Dehydration: Excessive loss of body fluids can lead to blood concentration, manifested as an increase in hemoglobin hematocrit values. Commonly seen in situations such as failure to replenish water in a timely manner after intense exercise, severe diarrhea, or vomiting. After supplementing with oral rehydration salts or intravenous fluids, the indicators can usually return to normal.

2. Long term smoking:

Carbon monoxide in tobacco can bind with hemoglobin, leading to a decrease in blood oxygen carrying capacity. The compensatory increase in red blood cell production in the body leads to an increase in hemoglobin hematocrit. After 6-12 months of quitting smoking, relevant indicators can gradually improve, and aerobic exercise should be combined to enhance cardiovascular and pulmonary function.

3. High altitude sickness:

Low oxygen environment stimulates the secretion of erythropoietin, leading to overactive bone marrow hematopoietic function. Commonly seen in people who quickly enter areas above 3000 meters above sea level, accompanied by symptoms such as dizziness and fatigue. Relief can be achieved through step-by-step adaptation training or oxygen therapy, and if necessary, return to low altitude areas.

4. Polycythemia vera:

Myelodysplastic disease leads to abnormal proliferation of red blood cells, with hemoglobin hematocrit often exceeding 60%. May be accompanied by symptoms such as skin itching and thrombosis. Diagnosis needs to be confirmed through JAK2 gene testing, and treatment will use drugs such as hydroxyurea to control hematopoietic function, with regular bloodletting to maintain blood volume.

3. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:

Long term chronic hypoxia stimulates the secretion of erythropoietin by the kidneys, leading to secondary erythrocytosis. Patients often have a long-term history of smoking or exposure to dust, manifested as coughing and difficulty breathing. Diagnosis needs to be confirmed through lung function tests, and hypoxia can be improved through bronchodilators and oxygen therapy.

It is necessary to maintain a daily water intake of 1500-2000 milliliters and avoid prolonged high-temperature work. Adaptation training should be conducted before traveling to high altitudes, and a portable oximeter should be carried for monitoring. Smokers are advised to have their blood routine checked annually and seek medical attention promptly if symptoms such as headache and dizziness occur. Pay attention to supplementing green leafy vegetables and animal liver rich in folate in diet, and limit the intake of high purine foods. Moderate aerobic exercise such as swimming and jogging can improve blood viscosity.