What is the reason for high hemoglobin concentration

Elevated hemoglobin concentration may be caused by physiological dehydration, high-altitude hypoxia, polycythemia vera, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congenital heart disease, and other factors.

1. Physiological dehydration:

Intense exercise, high temperature environment, or insufficient drinking water lead to fluid loss, and blood concentration causes a relative increase in hemoglobin. Manifested as thirst and reduced urine output, it can be quickly relieved by supplementing electrolyte water or oral rehydration salts without the need for special treatment.

2. High altitude hypoxia:

Low oxygen environments above 3000 meters above sea level stimulate the secretion of erythropoietin by the kidneys, leading to excessive bone marrow hematopoietic function and absolute hemoglobin elevation. Often accompanied by symptoms of headache and chest tightness, it usually recovers on its own after the adaptation period and requires aerobic therapy intervention if necessary.

3. Polycythemia vera:

Myelodysplastic disease leads to abnormal proliferation of red blood cells, with hemoglobin often exceeding 180g/L. Accompanied by skin flushing and splenomegaly, blood cell count should be controlled through bloodletting therapy or medication such as hydroxyurea, and the risk of thrombosis should be monitored regularly.

4. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:

Long term chronic hypoxia stimulates compensatory erythrocytosis, with hemoglobin levels mostly ranging from 160-180g/L. Commonly found in smokers, accompanied by coughing and difficulty breathing, requiring oxygen therapy and bronchodilators to improve ventilation function.

3. Congenital heart disease:

Cyantic congenital heart disease with right to left shunt causes a decrease in blood oxygen saturation, leading to secondary erythrocytosis. Children with clubbing fingers and delayed development often require surgical correction to fundamentally improve their deformities.

It is necessary to maintain a daily water intake of at least 2000ml and avoid excessive sweating after vigorous exercise. High altitude residents should gradually adapt to the environment, and smokers should quit smoking as soon as possible. If the hemoglobin level continues to exceed 170g/L, it is recommended to seek medical attention from a hematology department to screen for bone marrow proliferative diseases. Regularly check blood routine and blood viscosity, and prevent the use of anticoagulant drugs in high-risk populations of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Pay attention to supplementing animal liver with green leafy vegetables rich in folate and vitamin B12 to promote normal metabolism of red blood cells.