What is the osmotic pressure of plasma crystals in millimeters of mercury

The normal range of plasma crystal osmotic pressure is 280-310 milliosmoles per liter mOsm/L, equivalent to approximately 5.3-5.9 mmHg. The stability of plasma osmotic pressure is mainly related to factors such as water balance, electrolyte concentration, protein content, renal function status, and hormone regulation.

1. Water balance:

The effect of water exchange inside and outside the plasma crystal osmotic pressure receptor. Insufficient drinking water or excessive sweating can lead to blood concentration and increased osmotic pressure; Excessive drinking water may dilute the blood and reduce osmotic pressure. Healthy adults need to consume 1500-2000 milliliters of water daily to maintain osmotic pressure stability through renal regulation.

2. Electrolyte concentration:

Sodium ions are the main electrolyte that determines the osmotic pressure of crystals, and the normal blood sodium concentration is 135-145mmol/L. The concentration changes of potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate ions can also affect osmotic pressure. Electrolyte disorders such as hypernatremia can cause osmotic pressure to exceed 320mOsm/L.

3. Protein content:

Plasma albumin and other large molecular substances constitute the colloid osmotic pressure, accounting for about 0.5% of the total osmotic pressure. When severe malnutrition or liver disease leads to hypoalbuminemia, although crystal osmotic pressure may be normal, total osmotic pressure will decrease.

4. Renal function status:

The kidneys regulate water excretion by concentrating or diluting urine. When renal failure occurs, the ability to concentrate urine decreases, which may lead to abnormal osmotic pressure. The osmotic pressure fluctuation in patients with acute kidney injury often exceeds ± 10mOsm/L.

5. Hormone regulation:

Antidiuretic hormone ADH directly regulates the reabsorption of water by the kidneys. When ADH secretion is abnormal, such as in diabetes insipidus, the daily urine output can reach 4-10 liters, and the plasma osmotic pressure can be lower than 270mOsm/L. Maintaining stable plasma osmotic pressure requires attention to daily water intake and electrolyte supplementation. It is recommended to drink warm water in portions daily and replenish electrolyte containing drinks promptly after exercise. Patients with hypertension or kidney disease should limit their sodium intake and regularly monitor indicators such as blood sodium and urea nitrogen. If symptoms of osmotic pressure imbalance such as abnormal thirst, sudden changes in urine output, or blurred consciousness occur, immediate medical attention should be sought for plasma osmotic pressure testing and targeted treatment. Annual physical examinations for healthy individuals should include electrolyte tests and renal function assessments to detect potential metabolic abnormalities early on.