What are the harms of high-purity EPA

Excessive intake of high-purity EPA may cause adverse reactions such as bleeding tendency, gastrointestinal discomfort, and immune suppression. EPA, as an important component of omega-3 fatty acids, is beneficial for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health when supplemented reasonably, but caution should be taken against the risk of excessive intake.

1. Bleeding risk

EPA has an antiplatelet aggregation effect, and long-term excessive intake may prolong clotting time. Before surgery or taking anticoagulant drugs, special attention should be paid as symptoms such as gum bleeding and subcutaneous bruising may occur. It is recommended that the daily intake should not exceed the doctor's guidance range, and monitoring should be strengthened when combining the use of warfarin and other drugs.

2. Digestive system reactions

High doses of EPA may irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa, causing discomfort such as nausea and diarrhea. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome are more likely to experience abdominal pain symptoms. Taking with meals can reduce irritation, but if persistent diarrhea occurs, the dosage needs to be adjusted. Some individuals may experience a fishy odor reflux in their mouth and throat.

3. Immune Function Effects

Excessive EPA can inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and reduce infection resistance. Patients with autoimmune diseases should be cautious as it may interfere with immune regulatory function. During long-term high-dose use, immune indicators should be monitored, and if recurrent infections occur, timely medical evaluation should be sought.

4. Blood glucose fluctuation

EPA may slightly increase fasting blood glucose, and diabetes patients need to pay attention to monitoring. When used in combination with hypoglycemic drugs, there is a synergistic effect that may increase the risk of hypoglycemia. It is recommended to supplement in small doses and avoid single high-dose shock ingestion.

5. Oxidative stress

EPA contains multiple unsaturated double bonds, and excessive amounts in the body may promote lipid peroxidation. Smokers or individuals with vitamin E deficiency are more prone to oxidative damage. It is recommended to use antioxidants such as vitamin E in combination to avoid fatty acid denaturation caused by high temperature cooking.

Daily supplementation of EPA should prioritize natural food sources such as fish, and consuming deep-sea fish 2-3 times a week can meet the demand. When using purified preparations for special populations, the dosage should be controlled under the guidance of a doctor to avoid combination with anticoagulants and immunosuppressants. If abnormal bleeding or persistent indigestion occurs, immediate cessation of use and medical attention should be sought. When storing, it is necessary to avoid light and seal to prevent oxidation, deterioration, and reduced bioavailability.