Common types of personality disorders

Personality disorders mainly include paranoid personality disorder, split personality disorder, split personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, and other types. Personality disorders typically manifest as persistent behavioral pattern abnormalities that may affect social and occupational functioning, and are often associated with factors such as genetics and childhood trauma.

1. Paranoid personality disorder

Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by widespread distrust and suspicion, where patients often baselessly suspect others of attempting to harm or deceive themselves, and excessively interpret others' motives as malicious. This group of people often refuse to trust their relatives and friends, tend to hold grudges, and overreact to minor contempt. Cognitive behavioral therapy in psychotherapy can help improve distorted cognition, but patients often interrupt treatment due to feelings of distrust.

2. Schizophrenia like personality disorder

Schizophrenia like personality disorder is characterized by social distancing and limited emotional expression. Patients lack interest in intimate relationships and tend to engage in solitary activities. They are usually indifferent to others' evaluations, have flat emotional reactions, and rarely experience strong feelings of pleasure. In terms of career choices, there is a preference for individual assignments, and social skills training interventions may be necessary when facing difficulties in adapting to society.

3. Schizophrenic personality disorder

Schizophrenic personality disorder is characterized by peculiar beliefs, ways of thinking, and behavioral patterns, often accompanied by unusual perceptual experiences. Patients may have magical thinking, associative concepts, appear peculiar in their clothing or behavior, and exhibit excessive anxiety in interpersonal relationships. Low dose antipsychotic drugs combined with supportive treatment can alleviate some symptoms.

4. Anti social personality disorder

The core characteristics of antisocial personality disorder are indifference and infringement of others' rights, manifested as deception, impulsiveness, and aggression. These groups of people lack a sense of regret, often have a history of conduct disorders in childhood, and are prone to engaging in illegal activities in adulthood. The focus of treatment is on behavioral constraints rather than cure, and structured interventions within the judicial system are more effective than voluntary treatment.

5. Borderline personality disorder

Borderline personality disorder is characterized by emotional instability, self-image confusion, and intense interpersonal relationships. Patients often experience strong outbursts of anger and self harm, and are afraid of being abandoned, making excessive efforts to avoid separation. Dialectical behavior therapy has been proven to effectively reduce self injurious behavior and requires the use of emotional stabilizers to control extreme emotional fluctuations. The intervention of personality disorders requires long-term comprehensive treatment, with psychological therapy such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and dialectical behavioral therapy being the main methods. Severe symptoms can be accompanied by psychiatric medication. Establishing a stable treatment alliance is crucial, and family members should learn about the disease to avoid reinforcing abnormal behavior. Maintaining a regular pace of life, avoiding psychoactive substances such as alcohol, and participating in supportive groups can help improve social functioning. Early identification of adolescent behavioral problems and timely intervention can reduce the probability of developing personality disorders.