Who are the high-risk groups

High risk population usually refers to a group of people whose disease risk is significantly higher than that of the general population due to factors such as genetics, age, underlying diseases, or lifestyle habits. They mainly include cardiovascular disease patients, chronic respiratory disease patients, immunocompromised individuals, elderly people, obese individuals, etc.

1. Cardiovascular disease patients

Chronic cardiovascular disease patients such as hypertension and coronary heart disease are prone to acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events due to impaired vascular function. This group of people needs regular monitoring of blood pressure and blood lipids to avoid severe emotional fluctuations and excessive fatigue. Typical symptoms include chest tightness, shortness of breath, dizziness, and palpitations. Medications such as atorvastatin calcium tablets and nitroglycerin tablets can be used according to medical advice to control the condition.

2. Patients with chronic respiratory diseases

have decreased respiratory defense function and weak resistance to pathogens in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, and other conditions. During winter, it is important to keep warm and cool, and maintain good indoor air circulation. Common symptoms include cough, sputum production, and difficulty breathing. Medications such as budesonide, formoterol powder inhaler, and montelukast sodium tablets can be used to alleviate the symptoms.

3. Patients with low immune function

The immune system of AIDS patients, people taking immunosuppressants after organ transplantation, and cancer patients receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy is unable to effectively identify and eliminate pathogens. This group of people should avoid crowded places and pay attention to food hygiene. Symptoms such as recurrent infections and slow wound healing may occur, and immune regulation therapy should be performed under the guidance of a doctor.

4. Elderly

The population over 60 years old has become a high incidence group of infectious diseases and degenerative diseases due to organ function decline and chronic diseases. It is recommended to maintain a regular daily routine and supplement calcium and vitamin D in moderation. Common problems include joint pain and memory loss, and medication interventions such as alendronate sodium tablets and donepezil tablets can be used according to medical advice.

5. Obese people

Obese people with a body mass index of more than 28 are often accompanied by abnormal metabolism, which is easy to induce complications such as diabetes and fatty liver. It is necessary to control daily calorie intake and choose low impact exercises such as swimming and brisk walking. The typical symptoms are shortness of breath and excessive joint load after activity. If necessary, medication such as Orlistat capsules can be used to assist in weight loss.

High risk individuals should establish health records and undergo regular physical examinations, increase their intake of whole grains and dark vegetables in their diet, and reduce high salt and high sugar foods. Engage in 30 minutes of moderate intensity exercise such as Tai Chi and yoga every day, and maintain 7-8 hours of sleep. Pay attention to quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption, avoid staying up late and excessive fatigue, and seek medical attention promptly if any abnormal symptoms occur. Special groups such as pregnant women and infants need to develop personalized health management plans under professional guidance.