What are the hazards of supplementing male hormones during male menopause

Supplementing with androgens during male menopause may cause harm such as prostate disease, cardiovascular risk, liver dysfunction, emotional fluctuations, and endocrine disorders. It is necessary to strictly follow medical advice to evaluate individual indications and avoid unauthorized medication.

1. Prostate diseases

Exogenous androgens may stimulate prostate cell proliferation and increase the probability of prostate hyperplasia. Long term excessive supplementation may accelerate the development of occult prostate cancer, with clinical manifestations such as difficulty urinating and frequent urination. It is recommended to undergo prostate-specific antigen testing and digital rectal examination before medication, and regular follow-up during medication.

2. Cardiovascular risk

Androgens can affect lipoprotein metabolism, leading to an increase in low-density lipoprotein and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein. This blood lipid change may promote atherosclerosis and increase the probability of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in myocardial infarction and stroke. The risk of original hypertension, diabetes and other basic diseases is more significant.

3. Abnormal liver function

Oral androgen preparations need to be metabolized by the liver, which may cause elevated liver enzyme indicators. Long term use may induce cholestatic hepatitis and even liver tumors. Symptoms include fatigue, decreased appetite, and yellowing of the skin. It is recommended to choose non oral dosage forms such as transdermal patches and regularly monitor liver function.

4. Emotional fluctuations

Severe changes in hormone levels may affect central nervous system function, leading to emotional disorders such as irritability, anxiety, and depression. Some patients may exhibit aggressive behavior or sleep disorders. Individuals with a history of mental illness may experience worsening symptoms and require psychological assessment and emotional management interventions.

5. Endocrine disorders

Exogenous androgens can feedback inhibit hypothalamic pituitary function, leading to a decrease in testicular self secretion function. Sudden discontinuation of medication may result in withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue and decreased libido. Long term use may also cause secondary endocrine disorders such as breast development and testicular atrophy in males. Male menopausal syndrome patients should first improve their symptoms through lifestyle adjustments, including maintaining regular exercise, balanced diet, and adequate sleep. If hormone therapy is necessary, a personalized plan should be developed under the guidance of an endocrinologist, using the lowest effective dose and regularly monitoring hormone levels, prostate indicators, and liver and kidney function. At the same time, pay attention to psychological adjustment and avoid excessive dependence on medication intervention. For those with osteoporosis, calcium supplements and vitamin D supplementation can be combined.